Current Treatment Options in Oncology, 07/28/2015
Sehdev A, et al.
In this review article, authors discuss these interventions including aspirin (and other non–steroidal anti–inflammatory drugs), vitamin D, exercise, diet, statins, and metformin. Greater understanding of molecular mechanisms and the application of genomic tools to risk stratify an individual and tailor the interventions based on that individual’s risk will help further advance the field. Some of this work is already underway and is a focus of this article.
- Depending upon the risk of developing CRC, the current evidence supports the beneficial role of aspirin, vitamin D, diet, and exercise especially in high–risk individuals (advanced adenoma or CRC).
- However, even with these established interventions, there are significant knowledge gaps such as doses of aspirin and 25–hydroxy vitamin D are not well established.
- Similarly, there is no convincing data from randomized controlled trials that a high fiber diet or a low animal fat diet reduces the risk of CRC.
- Some potential interventions, such as statins and metformin, do not have convincing data for clinical use even in high–risk individuals.
- However, these may have emerging roles in the prevention and treatment of CRC.