In this cohort of elderly, community-dwelling African American and white adults, researchers investigated the association of dietary niacin intake with multiple skeletal health parameters, including bone mineral density (BMD), hip fractures, and body composition. For this investigation, they included 5,187 men and women aged ≥ 65 years from the Cardiovascular Health Study. A total of 725 participants had an incident hip fracture during a median follow-up of 13 years. Investigators observed that both high and low dietary niacin intakes were correlated with a significantly increased risk of subsequent hip fracture, implying a possible U-shaped association. In comparison, dietary niacin might have a linear inverse association with hip BMD.